This is an interesting study.

Providing patient pictures were found to significantly improve the Radiologist’s ability to detect that images had been associated with the incorrect patient.

I have heard of the idea of using pictures to ensure the correct patient is involved in a procedure or treatment (when the patient is actually in front of you), but not in the diagnostic image review process. It would probably make sense to ensure that the patient picture was available in the EMR, and that the EMR was available (in context of the patient) at the PACS client—that way, even non-PACS users would benefit.